Worse yet,
the code is a labyrinth of penalties and rewards that benefit only those with
the legal and accounting resources to exploit them.
The tax code is so complex partly because it tries to do way too much. In addition to generating much of the revenue needed to fund the federal government, it is used today to maintain control over Americans -- to reward decisions we like and penalize decisions we don't like. The tax code is also used for the distribution of charity, with tax credits for everything from child care to green energy spending.
A tax code that exerts control is especially insidious. By contrast, stand-alone laws that regulate behavior can be fairly straightforward. It's against federal law, for example, to kidnap a child, and you can't rig your product's prices by conspiring with competitors. But the tax code is unique in its ability not only to provide penalties, but also rewards. Through the tax code, the federal government will reward you for having a lot of kids, buying an environmentally friendly car, financing your house with a loan, and making your money through passive investments rather than working. In the process of mucking around in otherwise free markets for kids, cars, housing, and investments, public policy can create bubbles in demand. That's another story.
Tax complexity is a real villain, because the code only rewards those who can sort through this dizzying maze. The IRS estimates that it is unable to collect $300 billion a year in taxes due and payable, simply because of the complexity of the code itself. Don't wonder for a minute how things got so complicated -- poor people aren't to blame. Wherever an incentive or penalty is found in the code, you can track the winners and losers. Winners are usually easy to identify, whether a particular industry, a particular class of investor, or some narrow special interest group. Losers are far more numerous, however, and can usually be identified only with the help of a mirror.
*
In summary,
the system of taxation in
Don't give up yet. In the next installment we'll figure out how to bring about solutions to our issues, continuing to use taxation as an example. Stay tuned.
(Note: You can view every article as one long page if you sign up as an Advocate Member, or higher).