Turkey's intelligence services continue to abduct scores of the country's citizens abroad. The kidnappings and forced renditions are mostly of suspected supporters of Gulen. The Turkish justice minister said 107 "traitors" had been captured abroad by 2019.
Orhan Inandi, a Turkish-born Kyrgyz citizen went missing on June 1. His car was found near his home and his wife claims he is being held inside the Turkish consulate in Bishkek.
Gulen's nephew, Selahaddin Gulen, disappeared from a police station in Kenyan's capital despite a court order banning his extradition. He later appeared handcuffed in Ankara.
The former head of the Kosovo Intelligence Agency, a border police chief, and a top interior ministry official are charged in February with abusing their positions in handing over six Turks working in Gulen-linked schools to Turkey in March 2018. They were tortured on a private jet by Turkish agents on their way to Turkey, according to their families.
Two Turks associated with Gulen were captured and returned from Uzbekistan to Turkey.
Europe's top rights court condemned Moldova in June 2019 over the rendition of five Turkish nationals with alleged ties to Gulen. They were put on a special plane back to Turkey in a joint operation between Turkish and Moldovan intelligence agencies.
Freedom House reported Erdogan has pursued his "perceived enemies in at least 31 different countries."
In April 2018, MIT agents flew three associated with Gulen out of the West African state of Gabon.
Mongolia grounded a Turkish air force jet in July 2018 after Veysel Akcay was seized by five men as he left his home in the capital Ulaanbaatar and thrown into a vehicle. He was later freed and the jet allowed to leave after a stand-off between the Mongolian and Turkish governments.
Turkey says its captured businessman Memduh Cikmaz in November 2017, who Ankara claims were Gulen's "money man".
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