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Understanding the Orange Revolution: Ukraine's Democratization in the Russian Mirror

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Andreas Umland

2 Valentin Yakushik, � ���"Prognoz razvitiia politicheskoi situatsii v Ukraine,� �� � Evraziiskii dom, n. D., http://www.eurasianhome.org/xml/t/expert.xml?lang=ru&nic=expert&pid=22; Ingmar Bredies, � ���"� ��˜Staatszerfall' in der Ukraine? Ursachen und Konsequenzen der gegenwà �rtigen Krise,� �� � Ukraine-Analysen, 22 (2007): 2-3, click here; Andreas Umland, � ���"Im Zickzack gen Europa: Zur Rolle der jà �ngsten Wahlen fà �r die Nationalstaatsbildung und Demokratisierung der Ukraine,� �� � Ukraine-Analysen, 29 (2007): 6-7, click here

3 Harry Eckstein, � ���"Case Study and Theory in Political Science,� �� � in: Fred I. Greenstein and Nelson W. Polsby, eds., Handbook of Political Science (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley 1975).

4 Obviously, the following critique does not apply to Russia's considerable community of serious political scientists who mostly have a balanced approach to recent Ukrainian history and critical view of current Russian affairs. See, for instance, Vladimir Ya. Gel'man, � ���"Iz ognia da v polymia? Dinamika postsovetskikh rezhimov v sravnitel'noi perspektive,� �� � Politicheskie issledovaniia, no. 2 (2007): 81-108; Igor' Kliamkin and Tat'iana Kutkovets, � ���"Kremlevskaia shkola politologii: Dekonstruktsiia kremlevskogo diskursa,� �� � Kontinent, no. 131 (2007): 145-175.

5 I � ��" like other Western commentators of recent post-Soviet affairs probably too � ��" have been repeatedly identified as an oranzhevyi by Russian � ���"patriotic� �� � or Ukrainian pro-Russian commentators. E.g. Ivan Burtsev, � ���"Politicheskii antifashistkii ekstaz?� �� � Obratnaia storona, 23 July 2007, http://stolin1969.narod.ru/230707.html. While I would not call myself this way, I am prepared to bear this badge. However, one of my few publications on Ukrainian high politics was not exactly an advertisement for Viktor Yushchenko's � ���"Orange� �� � team, but rather portrayed the political managers of Nasha UkrainaThe Moscow Times, 10 April 2007, p. 10, http://sptimesrussia.com/index.php?action_id=2&story_id=21310. The article became the subject of an attack by the notorious webcampaigner La Russophobe who reported that, in it, I had � ���"spewed forth a disgusting torrent of anti-Yuschenko propaganda� �� � � ��" a characterization that would seem to tarnisch my reputation as an oranzhevyi. See N.N., � ���"Annals of Russophile Gibberish,� �� � La Russophobe, 11 April 2007, click here in 2005-2007 as a bunch of loosers. See Andreas Umland, � ���"Yushchenko's Big Gamble,� �� �

6 Vladimir Frolov, � ���"Democracy by Remote Control,� �� � Russia in Global Affairs, no. 4 (2005), http://eng.globalaffairs.ru/numbers/13/976.html.

7 See, for instance, the monograph by a Doctor of Science in Chemistry who has, like a whole number of similar publicists, made himself a name, in Russia in recent years, by publishing pamphlets devoted to uncovering the West's � ���"true� �� � intentions on the territory of the former USSR: Sergei Kara-Murza, Revoliutsii na eksport (Moskva: Algoritm 2005). Or, see the collected volume edited by a Russian politician who had, for a period of time, been declared persona non grataNa fone � ���"oranzhevoi revoliutsii.� �� � Ukraina mezhdu Vostokom i Zapadom: vchera, segodnia, zavtra (Moskva: Institut stran SNG 2005). See also Mikhail Pogrebinsky, ed., Oranzhevaia revoliutsiia: Versii, khronika, dokumenty (Kiev: Optima 2005). by the Ukrainian government: Konstantin F. Zatulin, ed.,

8 E.g.: Paul D'Anieri and Taras Kuzio, eds., Aspects of the Orange Revolution I: Democratization and Elections in Post-Soviet Ukraine. Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society 63 (Stuttgart: ibidem-Verlag 2007); Bohdan Harasymiw in collaboration with Oleh S. Ilnytzkyj, eds., Aspects of the Orange Revolution II: Information and Manipulation Strategies in the 2004 Ukrainian Presidential Elections. Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society 64 (Stuttgart: ibidem-Verlag 2007); Ingmar Bredies, Andreas Umland and Valentin Yakushik, eds., Aspects of the Orange Revolution III: The Context and Dynamics of the 2004 Ukrainian Presidential Elections. Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society 65 (Stuttgart: ibidem-Verlag 2007); Ingmar Bredies, Andreas Umland and Valentin Yakushik, eds., Aspects of the Orange Revolution IV: Foreign Assistance and Civic Action in the 2004 Ukrainian Presidential Elections. Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society 66 (Stuttgart: ibidem-Verlag 2007); Ingmar Bredies, Andreas Umland and Valentin Yakushik, eds., Aspects of the Orange Revolution IV: Institutional Observation Reports on the 2004 Ukrainian Presidential Elections. Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society 67 (Stuttgart: ibidem-Verlag 2007); Taras Kuzio, ed., Aspects of the Orange Revolution VI: Post-Communist Democratic Revolutions in Comparative Perspective. Soviet and Post-Soviet Politics and Society 68 (Stuttgart: ibidem-Verlag 2007).

9 As indicated in the official biographical note on Frolov at his company's website: http://www.leffgroup.ru/about/experts1.

10 Taras Kuzio, � ���"Russian Policy toward Ukraine during the Elections,� �� � Demokratizatsiya, 13, 4 (2005): 491-517.

11 Andreas Umland and Ingmar Bredies, � ���"� ��˜Raspil' Kievskoi Rusi,� �� � The New Times (Moscow), no. 52 (2008): 38, http://newtimes.ru/magazine/issue_52/article_16.htm; idem, "Democratic Ukraine, autocratic Russia: Why?" Kyiv Post, 18 August 2009, http://www.kyivpost.com/opinion/47102.

12 For an interesting facet of this difference � ��" youth activism in both countries � ��" see Viktoriya Topalova, � ���"In Search of Heroes: Cultural Politics and Political Mobilization of Youths in Contemporary Russia and Ukraine,� �� � Demokratizatsiya, vol. 14, no. 1 (2006): 23-41, and Taras Kuzio, � ���"Ukraine is not Russia: Comparing Youth Political Activism,� �� � SAIS Review, vol. 26, no. 2 (2006): 67-83;.

13 For a German language survey of the various Western democracy promotion programs in Ukraine, see my paper, � ���"Westliche Fà �rderprogramme in der Ukraine: Einblicke in die europà �isch-nordamerikanische Unterstà �tzung ukrainischer Reformbestrebungen seit 1991,� ���" Forschungsstelle Osteuropa Bremen: Arbeitspapiere und Materialien, no. 63 (2004), http://se2.isn.ch/serviceengine/FileContent?serviceID=10&fileid=D092944E-F352-DC1A-CF4E-3CEFBC401E94&lng=de.

14 Andreas Schedler, Electoral Authoritarianism: The Dynamics of Unfree Competition (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner 2006).

15 Andrew Wilson, Virtual Politics: Faking Democracy in the Post-Soviet World (New Haven/London: Yale University Press 2005). See also idem, � ���"Ukraine's New Virtual Politics,� �� � East European Constitutional Review, vol. 10, nos. 2-3 (2001): 60-66.

16 See the review essay by Taras Kuzio, � ���"Ukraine's Orange Revolution: Rush to Judgement?� �� � Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, vol. 23, no. 2 (2007): 320-326.

17 Andrew Wilson, Ukraine's Orange Revolution (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press 2005). See also idem, � ���"Ukraine's Orange Revolution, NGOs and the Role of the West,� �� � Cambridge Review of International Affairs, vol. 19, no. 1 (2006): 21-32.

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============================================================================== Andreas Umland, CertTransl (Leipzig), MA (Stanford), MPhil (Oxford), DipPolSci, DrPhil (FU Berlin), PhD (Cambridge). Visiting fellow at Stanford's Hoover Institution (more...)
 
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