102 Articles

Tuesday, November 3, 2009
Lawsuit Accuses WSU's Murrow College of Violating Journalism Professor's First Amendment Rights
A university journalism professor has filed suit in federal court against Washington State University for First Amendment violations

Tuesday, October 27, 2009
Sex, Silicone, and Suits: Miss California Goes a-Courtin'
(1 comments) Whether God accepts or condemns homosexuality has become yet another talking point for Americans who have become preoccupied by the sexual suggestiveness of a beauty pageant, owned by an egotistical Pomopodour-wearing building mogul, that believes breast enhancement is more important than social issues.

Tuesday, October 20, 2009
Scary Isn't a Kid in A Halloween Costume
There are frightening things in the Halloween season this year. Kids in costumes aren't as scary as what adults have done to American democracy.

Wednesday, October 14, 2009
An Extension of Her Motherhood: Sherry Carpenter--Journalist and Animal Care Provider
In a nation torn by hatreds, bigotry, and political intrusion into human needs, sometimes it's just nice to reflect upon those who just go about their business of helping others. Sherry Carpenter is one of those.

Saturday, October 3, 2009
Read All ABout It: Michael Vick Hero of Eagles Game
(2 comments) If you think the media give an accurate picture of American life, then you'll believe that Michael Vick was the star of the Eagles first game of the NFL season.

Monday, September 21, 2009
A Lot of Sorry But(t)s
(1 comments) A shock wave on incivility has shaken America. But, are all of us as guilty as those who have decided that hate speech is better than rational thought?

Monday, September 14, 2009
Late Breaking—Sometimes Broken—News
Two incidents on 9/11(09) call into question media credibility. More improtant, has the "breathless" 24/7 news cycle now replaced accuracy as a media ideal?

Monday, September 7, 2009
Labor Day: The Forgotten Holiday
(15 comments) Americans celebrate Labor Day as if it were part of a 3-day vacation, but have little idea why it is so important, and so necessary.

Friday, August 28, 2009
Michael Vick: Remorseful Eagle or Smirking Dirty Bird
(8 comments) The Crowd at Philadelphia's Lincoln Field gave Michael Vick a standing ovation. Had the fans given him a second chance or were they more interested in getting their team to the Super Bowl championship which has eluded them so long?

Tuesday, August 25, 2009
A Bunnies' Tale
Learning to live with bunnies can be hard on a soul. But living as part of nature and wildlife helps mankind understand the vaoue of life.

Saturday, August 15, 2009
The Great Government Swine Flu Conspiracy
(3 comments) The protection of Americans against the Swine Flu is primarily a project of the federal government. But, a large shrill from the conservative Right Wing wants government out of health care. They're disrupting the truth for their own nonsensical political reality.

Tuesday, August 4, 2009
Disrespectful and Disgraceful: The Republican Policy Against First Responders
The Republican National Committee has disgraced the firefighters and police by its anti-union attack, as not-so-subtly disguised within a loaded questionnaire.

Monday, July 20, 2009
Prescribing Cake to Cure the Health Care Crisis
(1 comments) More than 12,000 persons a day are losing health care coverage; about 69 percent of all bankruptcies are because of medical costs. Groups as diverse as the AFL-CIO, AARP, and the American College of Physicians want universal health care. More than 60 percent of Americans want a better health care system. But, the conservatives have blocked health care reform for decades. Now they see it as a way to attack the President.

Monday, July 6, 2009
You Betcha Sarah Palin Has a Higher Calling
(10 comments) Do you wonder what Sarah Palin's "higher calling" really is? In this biting satire, award-winning journalist Walter Brasch gives you an idea.

Thursday, June 25, 2009
Tarnished Shields: The Morally Bankrupt 'Family Values' Republican Leadership
(9 comments) Gov. Mark Sanford and Sen. John Ensign aren't the only Republican leaders to have committed adultery, lied about it, and asked for forgiveness; they're just two of a large number of hypocrits to their "family values" speeches.

Thursday, June 18, 2009
Twelve Angry White People: Jury Nullification in a Pennsylvania Coal Town
(26 comments) Two teenagers were sentenced to a minimum sentence in county jail, a year after they were accused of killing an illegal Mexican immigrant.

Wednesday, June 10, 2009
Waiving the Rules for Old Glory
Being patriotic doesn't mean waving a bigger flag than your neighbor's. In this penetrating look at Flag Day, Walter Brasch looks at a number of issues of patriotism and the American flag.

Saturday, May 16, 2009
The Dick Cheney Magical Mystery Media Tour
(1 comments) Dick Cheney has emreged from his undisclosed underground location and--you'll never believe this!--is talking to just about every media outlet he can. Walter Brasch explores why.

Wednesday, May 6, 2009
People. People Who Don't Need People
(3 comments) People Magazine has again put out its Most Beautiful People List. And, once again, it believes it has divine wisdom in an ethnocentric sort of way.

Tuesday, April 21, 2009
The Americans Are Revolting
(31 comments) For eight years, the right-wing of America could have protested the destruction of the Constitution. It didn't. Now it's protesting a tax program that not only will bring this nation out of a deficit and recession created by the Bush–Cheney Administration but which would benefit 95 percent of all Americans.

Tuesday, April 14, 2009
Resurrection of Intolerance
(14 comments) SUMMARY: The fanatic religious right-wing has attacked President Obama for not attending church regularly. Perhaps they need to re-learn the foundation of their own religion first before attacking anyone.

Saturday, April 11, 2009
Pennsylvania's Signs of Spring
(1 comments) Thewre are many signs that Spring has come to the U.S. For Pennsylvanians, there is a special sign.

Sunday, March 22, 2009
An American Outrage: Bernie, AIG, and Us
Americans are outraged at what has happened to their money, but they may outraged at the wrong things.

Tuesday, March 17, 2009
The Painful Cost of 'Breed Standards'
(2 comments) In an attempt to maintain 'breed standards' for cosmetic appearance, breeders and members of the American Kennel Club routinely mutilate dogs' ears and tails. The 76,000-member American Veterinary Medical Association, and police and military dog handlers, opposes "cropping" and "docking" for cosmetic reasons, but the practice continues.

Sunday, March 1, 2009
The Beeper Cacophony
(2 comments) Do you twitter? Alone and in a dark corner? Maybe you enjoy poking people, and write upon their walls. In this scathing satire, award-winning journalist Walter Brasch looks at why no one talks to anyone anymore.

Thursday, February 19, 2009
PART 2: Toothless--The Watchdog Press That Became the Government's Lapdog
(1 comments) The establishment media in the Bush-Cheney Era had abrogated their responsibilities to be watchdogs upon the government. In Part I, award-winning journalist Walter Brasch looked at the media that failed their responsibilities. In Part 2, he looks at some who became watchdogs.

Thursday, February 12, 2009
Toothless: The Watchdog Press That Became the Government's Lapdog
(28 comments) The Founding Fathers believed the primary function of the news media was to act as a watchdog upon government. They wpuld be sadly disapppinted to learn of the media role during the Bush-Cheney Admimistration.

Tuesday, February 3, 2009
The Republicans Have Nothing to Party About
(10 comments) The Republicans, nursing wopunds from the November election, have decided to become the Obstructionist Party; if they continue to block social and economic reform, their future might be as bleak as the Whig Party.

Thursday, January 29, 2009
Match THIS for Stupidity: Taxing a House of Cards
(8 comments) Today governments are carding people who buy liquor and cigarettes. But, some stores are carding people who buy cigarette lighters. The future will be to card people who buy Jello and Watermelons. Find out why in Waltyer Brasch's interesting analysis of government regulation and taxes.

Sunday, January 18, 2009
From the Hudson to the Potomac: Courage and Hope for a Depressed Nation
(4 comments) There is much to emulate in the pilot of the USAir jet that went into the Hudson River. Hopefully, Barack Obama has the same courage and skills to bring this nation safely into calmer waters.

Sunday, January 11, 2009
Unnecessary Concerns: Democratic Leadership Should Have Little Fear of an Obama Administration
(10 comments) Sen. Harry Reid and Dianne Feinstein have cautioned and questioned President-Elect Barack Obama. That is their right and responsibility. It would have been nice if they questioned George W. Bush.

Saturday, December 20, 2008
One Leg Raised on the Bush-Cheney Legacy: Deconstructing the Spin and Propaganda
(3 comments) In a major 2,500-word analysis, award-winning journalist and social activist Walter Brasch deconstructs propaganda put out by the Republican National Committee that paints Democrats as "radical leftists" who are out to destroy American freedoms and business.

Sunday, December 7, 2008
Hit me, Congress, One More Time: Bailing Out the Auto Industry
(1 comments) It's time for Congress to stop bullying the auto executives and look at the impact of what a failure would mean upon the worker.

Sunday, November 30, 2008
The Media Auto Know Better: Fueling the Anti-Union Fires
(17 comments) A large number of mass media pundits, columnists, and bloviators are looking at the "Why" behind the economic problems. Unfortunately, they are looking at the workers and their unions as the problem, instead of looking at the managers who caused the problem.

Friday, November 21, 2008
A Turkey By Any Other Name--Is Still the Governor of Alaska
(13 comments) Sarah Palin is the politician who just keeps giving andf giving. Unfortunately, this time she gives us ineptness and insensitvity about animals.

Friday, November 14, 2008
Making an Invisible Minority Less Invisible
(13 comments) The establishment media did not do a good job of covering the racism in the Palin rallies. They are also partially responsible for why racism exists. Perhaps in the next four years with increased coverage of minority issues the racism will diminish--as the media crawl all over themselves to find Afro-American news sources.

Wednesday, October 29, 2008
McGhosts and Ogoblins
There are a lot of scary things right now. In this humorous look at trick-or-trick costumes, Walter and Rosemary Brasch look at how the various candidates might dress for their trek to get America's goodies.

Saturday, October 25, 2008
America's Buddy-Buddy Campaign Press Corps
(2 comments) The presidential press corps seems to make the rest of us think they're little more than leeches upon the butts of politicians. Here's why.

Sunday, October 19, 2008
Conservative Group Is Right: Free Speech Is Not a Political Issue
(4 comments) California is the only state that extends the First Amendment to private colleges, which as a matter of educational philosophy should encourage, not restrict, freedom of expression. It's time to extend the First Amendment to the other 49 states.

Saturday, October 4, 2008
Sarah Palin Wins Debate--By Darn
(19 comments) With the performance bar set so low, unless Sarah Palin shot a moose in the studio, she had to win the debate.

Tuesday, September 30, 2008
The Vapors of Economic Chaos: Why the Bailout Failed
(16 comments) The $700 billion bailout failed because the President's credibility has no political capital, and fear could no longer be a weapon.

Friday, September 26, 2008
Seizing America by Withholding the Mother's Milk of Politics
(3 comments) Money is the root of all political campaigns. Greed and incomoetence has been what has led to a financial free fall. But, there IS a way to force government to stop pandering to corporations and concentrate upon the individual, most of whom are innocent in this economic recession.

Wednesday, September 17, 2008
Burning the First Amendment: Sarah Palin and Book Burning
(1 comments) Sarah Palin, perhaps by her silence, condones the burning of books by her church. Her actions to silence a librarian are a condemnation of her understanding of the Constitution.

Sunday, September 7, 2008
No Wolf Whistles for Sarah Palin's Compassion
(4 comments) Sarah Palin is the subject of hundreds of commentaries. Dr. Brasch, in NOT commenting upon Palin, comments upon a lot of problems, one of the most significant being that is is truly not pro-life.

Monday, September 1, 2008
Labor Pains: The Mass media, Economy, and an Anti-Worker Administration
Unemployment in a depressed economy is now 8.8 million, an increase of 1.6 million over the past year. Payroll employment is down by 463,000 since the beginning of this year. But, the mass media is generally oblivious to the problems of the workers--and the Bush Administration is hostile to the workers.

Sunday, August 31, 2008
No News Is Bad News: TV and the Conventions
(1 comments) The mainstream media claim there isn't news at the conventions, that they have become puffs. Then why have the alterhjative media found news that 7-figure TV anchors can't?

Sunday, August 24, 2008
Tear Down THIS Wall
(11 comments) All walls eventually fail. And that includes the $2 billion wall the U.S. is erecting on the Mexican border.

Wednesday, July 16, 2008
It's Sill the Economy, Stupid
(1 comments) George W. Bush's legacy may not be defined by an encroachment upon civil liberties, the war, environmental destruction, or any of dozen of otehr policies that have adversely affected America. His legacy was burnt into American history on Tuesday, July 15, 2008.

Wednesday, July 9, 2008
Geo Beach: A Swamp Yankee in the Last Fontier
(2 comments) Reality TV is something Geo Beach readily discusses, especially since his History Channel Show about Alaska is NOT Reality TV. In this probing 2,300-word article, award-winning journalist Walter Brasch looks at award-winning journalist Geo Beach, Reality TV, Alaska, and some issues that people in the "Lower 48" should probably know.

Saturday, July 5, 2008
Is Barack Obama Patriotic? Is Any Politician?
(15 comments) Barack Obama spent the Fourth of July engaged in a patriot-fest. Is he pandering--or is he patriotic?

Thursday, July 3, 2008
The Rocket;s Red Glare May Be Chinese
humor-satire -- or maybe it isn't. On July 4, the Chinese will invade the U.S.--and we'll be happu about it.

Thursday, July 3, 2008
The Rocket's red Glare May Be Chinese
(1 comments) humor/satire -- or maybe it really isn't. On July 4th, China will attack the U.S. And we may be willing to allow that to happen.

Saturday, June 28, 2008
Squabbling Over the Pigeon Bill: Pennsylvania Legislature Won't Be Able to Soar Like Eagles Until It Shoots Down Animal
(2 comments) A battle going on in the Pennsylvania legislature pits two of the nation's most powerful lobbying groups--the 4.6 million member NRA and the 11.6 million member Humane Society of the United States. The NRA brlieves sropping animal cruelty could affect gun ownership and hunting; the Humane Society says animal cruelty is just that--animal cruelty.

Saturday, June 21, 2008
Pennsylvania Politics: Resolved to Continue Bigotry
(1 comments) Actions in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives this week perpetuate the bigotry seen on a larger scale in the presidential nomination process.

Tuesday, June 10, 2008
Gas Prices Affecting More Than Travel
(2 comments) Clay pigeons, used by trap and skeet shooters, aren't clay, but made from petroleum byproducts. The gas crisis affects the price of everything made of plastic, pitch, and anything that is petroleum-based.

Sunday, June 1, 2008
The Politics of Humanitarian Aid: U.S, Like Myanmar, Rejected Humanitarian Aid
(1 comments) The United States, like Myanmar, has rejected humanitarian aid, especially if it came from countries that the Bush-Cheney Administration didn't think agreed with its political policies.

Wednesday, May 21, 2008
Gays, God, and Government: Self-righteousness in the State Capitols
(8 comments) Conservatives and religious fundamentalists oppose gay marriage. They also oppose government in lives. But, for their own "security," they don't mind government entering their bedrooms.

Sunday, May 18, 2008
President Bush in Egypt Today
(1 comments) President Bush's week-long trip to the Middle East has accomplished one thing--it has firmed up the Bush family's ties to a terorist leader.

Monday, May 12, 2008
All the News That Fits--In 500 Words or a Graphic
It was a tough decision by the editors of USA Today. What to feature as its cover story. A celebrity wedding or the deaths of 25,000 people.

Tuesday, May 6, 2008
People. People Who Don't Need People
(10 comments) From seven billion people in the world, People magazine's New York college-educated editors could find only 100 of the world's most beautiful people. And, here's the surprise--get ready for it--they;re rich American celebrities,

Monday, April 28, 2008
John McCain Won't Be Looking for the Union Label
(1 comments) A massive labor campaign is directed to workers who may not know John McCain's anti-worker philosophy, one that almost matches that of the Bush-Cheney Administration.

Saturday, April 19, 2008
Coming to Your Town--But Only Until Tuesday--a Clinton
The Clintons are patrolling Pennsylvania as if they're border collies. In this political analysis, journalist/professor Walter Brasch analyzes the Pennsylvania primary contest, and its likely effects after April 22.

Tuesday, April 15, 2008
Political Log Rolling in the Clinton Campaign
(3 comments) A politician actually admits that his vote was bought.

Wednesday, March 19, 2008
It's a Welfare State--If You're Rich
The Fed's bailout won't stop the Recession--and it certainly won't help the individual--it will help the corporations.

Friday, March 14, 2008
The Surrogate Votergate
My faux friend, Marshbaum,. has a plan to get rich by selling his Pennsylvania vote.

Saturday, March 8, 2008
The Flocked-Up Campaign Press Gaggle
The press is tighter to the candidates this election than the shine on fake silver.

Monday, February 18, 2008
President Bush's Safari to Find Friendly Faces
The leadership of the House of Representatives refused to bring a flawed Protect America Act to a vote. President Bush issued fiery rhetoric, threatened to cancel a scheduled trip to Africa--and then went anyhow.

Saturday, February 9, 2008
Flying a Chinese-Made American Flag to Stimulate the Economy
(5 comments) In a witty satire, award-winning journalist Walter Brasch speculates on what is likely to happen when Americans get their rebates.

Thursday, January 17, 2008
Spouting Change to Stay the Same
(3 comments) "Change" is the new buzzword of the presidential campaign, but the candidates and the voters, no matter what they say, don't want change. After all, they are the establishment.

Saturday, January 12, 2008
ACLU Chapter Proposes Impeachment Proceedings
(2 comments) The Central Susquehanna Chapter of the ACLU joined the Southern California and several Florida chapters in urging the national board to request the House Judiciary Committee to begin investigations into whether impeachment against VP Cheney and President Bush is warranted.

Thursday, December 20, 2007
Oops! The Media Did It Again
(3 comments) On the day there was a fire in the Executive office Building, the President signed the Energy Bill, three persons were killed in a chemical explosion in Jacksonville, Fla., and eight civlians killed in Iraq, the mass media dug out the day's most improtant story--Jamie Lynn Spears is pregnant.

Tuesday, November 27, 2007
George W. Bush's 'Convenient' Truth
(1 comments) George W. Bush is president, and nothing that Al Gore is doing to protect the environment will ever be enough to erase this president's political ability to alter the environment to benefit corporate interests.

Tuesday, October 30, 2007
A Halloween Scare
(6 comments) Once again it's the holiday season, and once again racists and bigots are making the most of it to denigrade religions they don't believe are the one true religion--like theirs. The scariest thing is the ignorance of an e-mail that has now been read by millions around the world.

Wednesday, October 3, 2007
Why Bush Should Have Signed the Children's Health Act
President Bush today vetoed legislation to increase health insurance coverage for up to four million more children. Against overwhelming Congressional support for the program, he spun new reasons for his fourth veto. However, he needed to approve this legislation to continue his war in Iraq.

Friday, September 21, 2007
Commanding Constitutional Disrespect
(1 comments) The Senate, with majority votes, has failed to block republican-led filibusters against the Constitution and in favor of the combat troops.

Saturday, September 1, 2007
Fake Photos Helped Lead U.S. to Invade Iraq
(23 comments) A veteran U.S. representative reveals that the Bush-Cheney administration submitted faked photos to convince congress to vote for war in Iraq. Those photos, said Rep. Paul Kanjorski (D-Pa.) were not of Iraqi drones but of American unmanned aerial vehicles in the southwest deserrt in the U.S.

Sunday, August 26, 2007
Enquiring Minds and Space Aliens Revisited
(5 comments) The Weekly World News publishes its last issue this week. But, for almost three decades, there may have been a wink of more truth in it than in some of the media.

Wednesday, August 8, 2007
No Asterisks for Barry Bonds
(5 comments) There is no reason that the homerun record of Barry Bonds should be tainted--at least if we understand the hostory of Major League Baseball.

Friday, July 27, 2007
Leaders Afraid to Lead: Empty Rhetoric in Congress
It will be the people, not Congress, who will have to push for the impeachment of Cheney and Bush.

Sunday, July 22, 2007
Give It Up for Confusion
(3 comments) There's a lot of confusion in language. This confusion helps explain the Bush Administration.

Thursday, June 14, 2007
Up and Down the Bush Philosophy
The George W. Bush politicl philosophy is closer to that of the Divine Right of Kings than to what the Founding Fathers believed a nation, and its president, should be.

Wednesday, May 9, 2007
An Ill Wind and National Policy
In Sept. 2003, two years before Katrina devastated the Gulf Coast, and 3-1/2 years before an F-5 tornado destroyed Greensburg, Kans., Rosemary and Walter Brasch predicted that the war in Iraq was depleting American readiness and response to natural disasters in the United States. It was an analysis of currrent and projected problems that these veteran emergency management workers hoped would not come true.

Thursday, April 5, 2007
Punishment for a Traitor
(1 comments) President Bush's actions prove not only has he made significant and substantial mistakes in the creation and escalation of the war in Iraq, but that it is he and his Administration, not the war protestors and Democratic party, who has failed to support the troops.

Friday, March 16, 2007
An Intolerant Minority
[SUMMARY: The chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Gen. Peter Pace, says that homosexuality is immoral. He later modified that statement by saying he should have said only that he supports the military's "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy. That policy, a compromise, should never have been enacted; it's now time to repeal it and permit gays to serve openly in the military.]

Friday, February 23, 2007
A TV Snow Job
While other states were on top of the recent snow storm, Pennsylvania had a botched response. This is a look at TV news and how the average station covered the weatehr story.

Thursday, February 8, 2007
Rural America Explains Why the Nation Needs Martin Luther King Day
In two rural northeast Pennsylvania counties, citizens have spoken out against the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Black History Month. Their views, unfortunately, help explain why this nation is still divided, and why the civil rights struggle must continue.

Sunday, January 28, 2007
Give War a Chance
(1 comments) While millions were protesting the Iraq war and the suppression of civil rights, there was yet another protest, one staged by supporters of the war.

Friday, December 29, 2006
Making the World Safer for Terrorism
(1 comments) George W. Bush is despised by more Americans than is Osama bin Laden, according to an AP-AOL poll. This has not set well with bin Laden.

Tuesday, November 14, 2006
Yo Ho Ho, and an Embottled Rummy
The resignation of Donald Rumsfeld is more of a reflection about the incompetence and malevolence of the President as it is the Secretary of Defense.

Saturday, October 7, 2006
Sex, Lies, and Family Values
(1 comments) The Mark Foley scandal goes far deeper than just a few Good Ole Boys covering it up. The "Family Values" Republican Party has proven, innumerable ways, that its family values are not what the majority of Americans believe are family values.

Tuesday, September 12, 2006
The Bush Magical Mystery Political Capital Tour
The Bush "war cabinet" has used 9/11 to justify its own incompetencies and inadequacies, and is now on a national campaign to try to convince Americans that the war in Iraq justifies the cost to life and economy.

Wednesday, August 23, 2006
Canned Hunts: Sports Afoul
(2 comments) The true sportsmen object to "canned hunts," where people pay to kill an animal that is usually docile and lured by "guides" into the client's gun sights.

Saturday, July 22, 2006
Part-Time Bush Principles
(3 comments) Bush says he believes in up-or-down votes, proclaiming it shortly after his first inaugural, and in his 2005 State of the Union address, demanding, "every judicial nominee deserves an up-or-down vote." Since Bush believes in one-vote majorities, it shouldn't have been a problem for him to accept a 238-194 vote in the House and a 63-37 vote in the Senate to allow medical researchers to use stem cells from embryos...

Wednesday, July 5, 2006
Food for Thought
(6 comments) A nation that demands laws to make English the "official" language has a lot of maturing to do before it is truly the "ethnic melting pot" that we believe it is.

Sunday, May 7, 2006
Silent Protest, Vocal Response
In Danville, Pa., high school students learned about tolerance and bigotry when they said they would silently protest intolerance.

Thursday, April 13, 2006
The Not-So-Secret Foreign Energy Source
The Bush Administration Believes worker exploitation is acceptable to spur business interests.

Tuesday, March 7, 2006
Compromising Americans' Civil Liberties
The people of more than 400 communities have opposed the unconstitutional provisions of the USA PATRIOT Act. Congress just renewed it for anotehr four years.

Sunday, February 26, 2006
This Column Doesn't Exist
(1 comments) If the media didn't exist, would George W. Bush?

Monday, December 19, 2005
Justice DeLayed
Tom DeLay is under indictment, after the House admonished him three times for ethics violations. The President says he's innocent.

Saturday, November 26, 2005
The FEMA Scheme-a;
Screw Up a national disaster, become a highly-paid consultant

Monday, October 31, 2005
Cheney's Refrain: 'I'm a Believer'
Dick Cheney says "Scooter" Libby is innocent, until proven guilty. This is NOT what Cheney says about anyhone trapped by the PATRIOT Act

Monday, October 24, 2005
A Scary Costume
Many politicians haven't figured out what to wear for Halloween. I have some suggestions.