4. How did foreign powers got involved?
5. Why is the conflict lasting so long?
As we already mentioned, foreign powers, meaning the US and its allies, were already involved in many ways in a "regime change" scheme since as early as 2006. The answer for question number 4 mentions in one line that:
"The United States, on their part, insist on Assad being responsible for huge atrocities and must resign."
And that's the extent of the influence of the US in this conflict according to this wholesale MSM article written for the disoriented masses. But the whitewashing continues in favor of US regional allies:
"Saudi Arabia is another participant in this proxy war. To counter Iran's influence, its main rival in the region, SA has sent considerable military and financial aid to the rebels, including those with Islamist ideologies." (Emphasis added)
Another misleading piece of information on the nature of the conflict reads:
"The divisions between the Sunni majority and the Alawite Shia, have provoked both sides to commit atrocities that have caused not only an enormous loss in lives but the destruction of communities, strengthen positions and reduce hope on a political solution."
But the majority of the Syrian Arab Army (SAA) is Sunni, and has included in the past a few Christian generals. As Kamal Alam writes for The National Interest's blog:
"The fact remains: The moderate Syrian opposition only exists in fancy suits in Western hotel lobbies. It has little military backing on the ground. If you want to ask why Assad is still the president of Syria, the answer is not simply Russia or Iran, but the fact that his army remains resilient and pluralistic, representing a Syria in which religion alone does not determine who rises to the top." [9]
Deir-Ezzor, "an entirely Sunni city that has held out against ISIS encirclement for two years--and is commanded by the Druze General Issam Zahreddine", as Alam continues, was attacked by the US Army, who targeted a SAA base killing 62 soldiers and wounding several more, in the first direct attack from the Pentagon on a Syrian government facility or its forces. This incident happened on September 17th and ended the ceasefire, and not the alleged Russian attack on a UN aid convoy that happened two days later. [10]
In short, the "atrocities" cannot be blamed on sectarian allegiance, since it's not what drives the main actors involved, although terrorists will often address to religious rhetoric. Taking in consideration the secular character of the Syrian society and its government, all bets on sectarian-originated violence should be on the rebel side, also known for establishing Sharia law courts in controlled territories.
6. What has been the impact of this war?
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