Harvard College was founded in 1636. As the 300th anniversary of Harvard College approached, scholars discovered the Ramist logic (also known as dialectic), taught in Latin, had comminated the curriculum of the newly founded Harvard College.
Harvard's Americanist Perry Miller discussed the influence of Peter Ramus in his massively researched book The New England Mind: The Seventeenth Century (Harvard University Press, 1939; for specific pages references to Ramus, see the "Index" [p. 528]). Years later in Perry Miller's life, he served as the director of Ong's massively researched 1954 Harvard University doctoral dissertation.
In 1958, Harvard University Press published Ong's massively researched doctoral dissertation in two volumes. I've already mentioned Ramus, Method, and the Decay of Dialogue. The second volume was titled Ramus and Talon Inventory; it is a briefly annotated bibliographic listing of the 750 or so volumes by Peter Ramus (1515-1572), Omer Talon (c.1510-1562), Ramus' other allies, and Ramus' critics that Ong tracked down in more than 100 libraries in the British Isles and in Continental Europe with the financial assistance of two Guggenheim fellowships.
Now, the famous English Renaissance poet and pamphleteer John Milton (1608-1674) studied Ramist logic, in Latin, when he was a student at Cambridge University. At a later time in Milton's life, he composed a textbook in logic in Latin. At a still later time in Milton life, after he had gained fame as a poet and pamphleteer, he published his textbook in logic, in Latin, in 1672. In 1982, Ong and Charles J. Ermatinger published their English translation of Milton's 1672 textbook in logic in volume eight of Yale's Complete Prose Works of John Milton, edited by Maurice Kelley (Yale University Press, pp. 139-407). It featured Ong's magnificent "Introduction" (pp. 144-205).
Ong's magnificent "Introduction" is reprinted as "Introduction to Milton's Logic" in volume four of Ong's Faith and Contexts, edited by Thomas J. Farrell and Paul A. Soukup (Scholars Press, 1999, pp. 111-142).
In any event, Ong's history of the formal study of logic from Aristotle down to Ramus and beyond has not received much attention in the field of philosophy - nor has Ong's media-ecology account of cognitive processing in our Western cultural history received much attention in the field of philosophy - or in Roman Catholic theology.
Now, when we combine David Brooks' account of Trumpism with Ong's account of our Western cultural history, we see that Trumpism hearkens back to what Ong describes as primary oral culture -- and to what Havelock describes as concrete imagistic thinking.
Ong famously differentiates primary oral culture (i.e., pre-alphabetic culture) from our contemporary secondary oral culture featuring communications media that accentuate sound (television, telephone, radio, movies with soundtracks, porn videos and DVDs with soundtracks, podcasts, and the like).
I have discussed porn videos and DVDs with soundtracks in my following recent OEN articles about porn and certain pornstars:
"Texas' War on Porn, and Robert Moore's Theory of the Archetypes of Maturity" (dated December 6, 2024; viewed 874 times as of May 30, 2025):
"On Interpreting the Ubiquitous Mom-Son Porn on the Internet" (dated December 19, 2024; viewed 1,380 times as of May 30, 2025):
Now, there was a time before which mom-son porn videos were popular on the internet, and there is a time after which mom-son porn videos became so popular of the internet and in DVDs. For example, Jenna Jameson and Bree Olson never played the role of the mom in the fantasy skit of mom-son porn videos on the internet or in DVDs.
For further information about Jenna Jameson, see the Wikipedia entry on "Jenna Jameson":
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