But now it's normal practice. According to research by Professor William Lazonick of the University of Massachusetts, between 2003 and 2012 the chief executives of the 10 companies that repurchased the most stock (totaling $859 billion) received 58 percent of their total pay in stock options or stock awards.
In other words, many CEOs are making vast fortunes not because they're good at managing their corporations but because they're good at using insider information. It's the coin of their realm, too.
None of this would be a problem if the only goal were economic efficiency. The faster financial markets adjust to all available information, confidential or not, the more efficient they become.
But profiting off inside information that's not available to average investors strikes many as unfair. The "coin of the realm" on Wall Street and in corporate boardrooms is contributing to the savage inequalities of American life.
If Congress and the Securities and Exchange Commission wanted to reverse this and remove one of the largest privileges of the realm, they could. But they won't, because those who utilize those coins also have a great deal of political power.
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