Richard then asked for stopping the draft calls for young men heading for any camp known to be already infected. March wouldn't go that far, and although the October draft was called off, it was to resume in November. The War Department acknowledged the heavy toll the pandemic was taking on U.S. troops in October 10, informing Pershing that he would get his troops by November 30, "if we are not stopped on account of Influenza, which has now passed the 200,000 mark."
Richard then called for troops to be quarantined for a week before being shipped to Europe, and that the troopships carry only half the standard number of troops to reduce crowding. When March rejected those moves, which would have made it impossible for him to meet Pershing's targets, Richard then recommended that all troop shipments be suspended until the influenza pandemic was brought under control, "except such as are demanded by urgent military necessity."
But the chief of staff rejected such a radical shift in policy, and went to the White House to get President Woodrow Wilson's approval for the decision. Wilson, obviously recognizing the implications of going ahead under the circumstances, asked why he refused to stop troop transport during the epidemic. March argued that Germany would be encouraged to fight on if it knew "the American divisions and replacements were no longer arriving."Wilson then approved his decision, refusing to disturb Pershing's war plans.
But the decision was not carried out fully. The German Supreme Command had already demanded that the Kaiser accept Wilson's 14 points, and the armistice was signed on November 11.
The disastrous character of the U.S. elite running the First World War is clearly revealed with the astonishing fact that more American soldiers were killed and hospitalized by influenza (63,114) than in combat (53,402). And an estimated 340,00 American troops were hospitalized with influenza/pneumonia, compared with 227,000 hospitalized by Germans attacks.
The lack of concern of Washington bureaucrats for the well-being of the troops, as they pursue their own war interests, appears to be a common pattern -- seen too, in the U.S. wars in Vietnam, Afghanistan and Iraq. Now it has been revealed once again in the stunningly callous response of the Pentagon to the coronavirus pandemic crisis.
In the 1918 war, there was no protest against that cold indifference, but there are now indications that the families of soldiers put being at risk are expressing their anger about it openly to representatives of the military. In a time of socio-political upheaval, and vanishing tolerance for the continuation of endless war, it could be a harbinger of accelerated unraveling of political tolerance for the war state's overweening power.
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