http://www.welt.de/wissenschaft/article2287063/Biologen-dementieren-die-Schwarmintelligenz.html
"Swarm Intelligence is also called collective intelligence.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collective_intelligence
Collective intelligence consists of three types of manifest intelligence from biology, neurology and the social sciences. It involves cooperation, coordination, and related social and individual cognition. "The best-known collective intelligence projects are political parties, which mobilize large numbers of people to form policy, select candidates and to finance and run election campaigns.
Scholarpedia explains that "Swarm intelligence is the discipline that deals with natural and artificial systems composed of many individuals that coordinate using decentralized control and self-organization. Belgium researchers, Marco Dorigo and Mauro Birattari, also note "In particular, the discipline focuses on the collective behaviors that result from the local interactions of the individuals with each other and with their environment. Examples of systems studied by swarm intelligence are colonies of ants and termites, schools of fish, flocks of birds, herds of land animals.
The WELT KOPMAKT article, written by Axel Tiedemann, was entitled "Die Schwarmintelligenz and had the subtitle: "Humans behave like Schools of Fish "Only a few Control the Many .
http://www.welt.de/wissenschaft/article5057937/Menschen-verhalten-sich-in-Gruppen-wie-Fische.html
Tiedemann describes sociological experiments whereby many participating volunteers are asked to stand in a large auditorium or to walk around. No one amongst the greatest share of volunteers was given any direction as to how to move about.
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