"I really can't fail," Chul says, "because it's not just me that's failing. I fail for my parents and my entire family. Even if it bumps my score up an extra point, it's worth it."
These pre-law students obviously have no knowledge of the possible legal consequences they could face for using Adderall illegally. Serious criminal laws apply to the use of the drug and if caught, their plans for a career as an attorney would be history.
An article titled, "Students buy Adderall from students with prescriptions despite physical, legal and ethical consequences," in Grinnel College's Scarlet & Black Newsletter, Volume 122, Number 15, Feb 10, 2006, lists the criminal laws and penalties that apply as:
(1) Classified by the DEA as a Substance II, the same legal category as cocaine and heroin. For first time possession of between five and 49 grams, the minimum federal sentence is five years.
(2) If death or serious injury occur, the minimum sentence is 20 years.
(3) Individual first time offenders can be fined up to two million dollars.
(4) If a first-time offender possesses more than 49 grams, the minimum sentence is ten years and the maximum is life imprisonment.
In addition, the health risks associated with Adderall can be lethal. Concerned about the risk of sudden death or serious injury associated with stimulants used to treat ADHD, on February 10, 2006 the FDA's Drug Safety and Risk Management advisory committee said the drugs should carry the most serious type of warning label.
The proposed "black box" statements would inform doctors, patients and parents of the uncertainty regarding the risk the drugs may pose to the cardiovascular system. The label for Adderall has included the warning since 2004.
An FDA review of its own databases found reports of 25 deaths in children and adults between 1999 and 2003, and 54 cases of serious cardiovascular problems, including heart attack, stroke, hypertension, palpitations and arrhythmia.
The FDA said it has tallied an additional 26 deaths between 1969 and 2003 in patients on the drugs involving death by suicide, intentional overdose, drowning, heat stroke and from underlying disease.
The rate of possible underreporting is unknown. The adverse reactions system of reporting is voluntary and said to only represent between 1 and 10% of actual adverse events.
"Does the FDA get 10 percent of cases, 20 percent? Nobody knows,'' said Kate Gelperin, a medical officer in the FDA's Office of Drug Safety. Any link to the drugs "is really only a rough estimate," she told the panel.
The FDA may also undertake short-term studies into the effect of the drugs on blood pressure, heart rate and the heart muscle itself, said Dr. Peter Gross, chairman of the advisory committee.
The unsolicited recommendation was a surprise and caught the FDA off guard. The agency is not required to follow the advice of the panel but it generally does.
When asked why the committee approved a recommendation they had not been asked to consider, Dr Gross said: "No. 1, because of the seriousness of the side effects -- the sudden deaths. No. 2, there is a sense maybe the diagnosis of ADHD is being applied where it shouldn't be applied," according to the Associated Press on February 10, 2006.
These pre-law students obviously have no knowledge of the possible legal consequences they could face for using Adderall illegally. Serious criminal laws apply to the use of the drug and if caught, their plans for a career as an attorney would be history.
An article titled, "Students buy Adderall from students with prescriptions despite physical, legal and ethical consequences," in Grinnel College's Scarlet & Black Newsletter, Volume 122, Number 15, Feb 10, 2006, lists the criminal laws and penalties that apply as:
(1) Classified by the DEA as a Substance II, the same legal category as cocaine and heroin. For first time possession of between five and 49 grams, the minimum federal sentence is five years.
(3) Individual first time offenders can be fined up to two million dollars.
(4) If a first-time offender possesses more than 49 grams, the minimum sentence is ten years and the maximum is life imprisonment.
In addition, the health risks associated with Adderall can be lethal. Concerned about the risk of sudden death or serious injury associated with stimulants used to treat ADHD, on February 10, 2006 the FDA's Drug Safety and Risk Management advisory committee said the drugs should carry the most serious type of warning label.
The proposed "black box" statements would inform doctors, patients and parents of the uncertainty regarding the risk the drugs may pose to the cardiovascular system. The label for Adderall has included the warning since 2004.
An FDA review of its own databases found reports of 25 deaths in children and adults between 1999 and 2003, and 54 cases of serious cardiovascular problems, including heart attack, stroke, hypertension, palpitations and arrhythmia.
The FDA said it has tallied an additional 26 deaths between 1969 and 2003 in patients on the drugs involving death by suicide, intentional overdose, drowning, heat stroke and from underlying disease.
The rate of possible underreporting is unknown. The adverse reactions system of reporting is voluntary and said to only represent between 1 and 10% of actual adverse events.
"Does the FDA get 10 percent of cases, 20 percent? Nobody knows,'' said Kate Gelperin, a medical officer in the FDA's Office of Drug Safety. Any link to the drugs "is really only a rough estimate," she told the panel.
The FDA may also undertake short-term studies into the effect of the drugs on blood pressure, heart rate and the heart muscle itself, said Dr. Peter Gross, chairman of the advisory committee.
The unsolicited recommendation was a surprise and caught the FDA off guard. The agency is not required to follow the advice of the panel but it generally does.
When asked why the committee approved a recommendation they had not been asked to consider, Dr Gross said: "No. 1, because of the seriousness of the side effects -- the sudden deaths. No. 2, there is a sense maybe the diagnosis of ADHD is being applied where it shouldn't be applied," according to the Associated Press on February 10, 2006.
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