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May 3, 2008
Open Letter to HRH, Hamad Bin Khalifa al Thani, on Ethiopia
By Muhammad Shamsaddin Megalommatis
The case of ´Ethiopia´ is far more dangerous as the misrepresentation is an instrument of elimination of nations. This is attempted partly physically (through premeditated starvation, extrajudicial killings, appalling conditions of imprisonment, criminal indifference as regard diseases and contaminations, etc.) and partly spiritually – culturally (through forced assimilation and cultural genocide).
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Open Letter to HRH, Hamad Bin Khalifa al Thani, Emir of Qatar, on Abyssinia (Fake ´Ethiopia´)
Your Highness,
As your government expressed astonishment at the ´Ethiopian´ decision to break off diplomatic ties with your country, I am writing to express my indignation for the improper and inconsistent attitude of the tyrannical administration of Meles Zenawi.
Before expanding on the real reasons hidden behind the undiplomatic manner and the uncivil language used in the email statement diffused by the ´Ethiopian´ government, I find the occasion propitious to express my profound admiration for the constructive role played by your government in various regions, Africa, Middle East, and the Gulf to name a few, and my great esteem for Qatar´s worthwhile commitment to the diffusion of the lofty values of Islam, the fundamental principles of the modern democratic societies, and the universal standards of the Human Rights.
The recently held 8th Doha Forum on Democracy, Development, and Free Trade highlighted precisely the global importance of Qatar, and the interconnectedness among Democracy, Free Economy and Development. It is certainly not a matter of coincidence that among the honorable speakers there was no one from ´Ethiopia´. By this, I do not imply that there are no political leaders, academia and intellectuals originating from that country who could ever be invited in the Doha Forum. On the contrary, there are many; but they are all abroad, having either escaped or been exiled.
Your Highness,
As a Historian specialized in the History of the Middle East and Northeastern Africa, I feel obliged to highlight several points that illuminate better the absurd decision of the Zenawi administration to break off diplomatic ties with Qatar.
The baseless decision has however nothing to do with the dramatic difference in terms of economic coordinates; certainly there is a reflection of reality in the fact that with a population 80 times larger than that of Qatar, ´Ethiopia´ fails to outperform your country in terms of GDP (Qatar US $ 57.7 b and ´Ethiopia´ US $ 55 b; https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/qa.html).
The existing interconnectedness between Development and Democracy, as aforementioned, explains the above figures. In fact both, Democracy and Development, are absent from ´Ethiopia´. Today, ´Ethiopia´ consists undisputedly in the world´s most problematic country, being the world´s most tyrannical state, deeply loathed by no less than 82% of its entire population!
Ethiopia – A fallacious name for Abyssinia, chosen to ease totalitarian rule
The country that broke off diplomatic ties with Qatar is not entitled to the historical name of Ethiopia. Its correct name is Abyssinia (Habasha in Arabic). The Ancient Greek and Latin name ´Ethiopia´ (lit. the country of the burnt face people, made out of a metaphor for ´Black´) was attributed to the country at the immediate south of Egypt, Ancient Sudan. The authentic name of that country, Kas, has been found in Egyptian Hieroglyphic, Assyrian – Babylonian cuneiform (Kus, Mat Kusi), and Ancient Hebrew (Cush) texts. In the Bible, wherever Cush stands in the Hebrew text, Aithiopia / Aethiopia stands in the Septuaginta Greek translation, and in the Vulgata Latin translation.
The Ancient Kingdom of Cush developed civilization, religion, scripture, literature, fine arts, architecture, and sciences in different historical periods, namely the Kerma Kingdom period (2600 – 1500 BCE), the Cushitic period (850 – 500 BCE), and the Meroitic period (450 BCE – 350 CE). With capital at Kerma, Karima (Napata) or Bagrawiyah (Meroe), never did the Cushitic Kingdom expand over territory that was in more recent periods under the control of Abyssinia. The populations of Ancient Ethiopia (Cush) are the ancestors of the Cushitic majority in today´s Abyssinia.
Note: http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/21760
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/24948
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/25165
However, today´s Cushites do not rule Abyssinia that before 200 years was much smaller (one tenth of its present size) and inhabited almost exclusively by Amhara and Tigray Abyssinians, who are of Semitic Yemenite origin; the name Habashat has been found in Ancient Yemenite (South Arabic) inscriptions of pre-Islamic times as the name of one of the then existing Yemenite tribes. The expansion of the small Abyssinian Kingdom brought during the 19th and the 20th centuries a great number of African, Cushitic and Nilo-Saharan, nations under the dictatorial control of the Abyssinians.
Note: http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/25568
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/39083
The alienation, oppression, marginalization and de-humanization of the Cushitic Ethiopian majority at the hands of the Semitic Abyssinian minority was extreme, ceaseless and evil of nature, as I will further develop, and this led to total rejection of the Abyssinian rule by the Cushitic majority who aspire all to Liberation, Freedom, Independence, National and Cultural Identity, and have been engaged in ceaseless rebellion and unequivocal uprising.
Quite inhumanely, while tyrannically imposing throughout the country Abyssinian culture, Abyssinian education, Abyssinian pseudo-historical myths of discriminatory character, and Abyssinian sociopolitical options, the Abyssinian ruling classes opted for the name change (implemented between 1935 and 1955) in order to offer no reason to the oppressed Cushitic peoples´ claims for Independence. A politically treacherous choice geared to perpetuate Abyssinian tyranny over Ethiopian populations.
A national name ´Ethiopia´ would imply a state for Cushites, not Semites like the Abyssinians. However, due to the exclusively nominal value of the name, it turned out to be an extra means of oppression and unacceptable racist propaganda.
The colonial state of Abyssinia – Nations and ethno-religious groups
Certainly it is not by mere coincidence that representatives of all the oppressed Cushitic nations denounce the colonial character of the expanded Abyssinia state, precisely specifying that it has been the only African colonial empire.
To better understand the situation, one has to examine combined data as regards the various nations and the religious groups of Abyssinia. The ruling Abyssinian tribes are mainly the Amhara and the Tigray, who amount to ca. 30% of the entire population. The rest (70% of the country´s entire population) are either Cushitic (Oromos, Ogadenis, Sidamas, Afars, Kaffas, Kambatas, Hadiya, Agaw, and Shekachos) or Nilo-Saharan (Anuak).
It would however be erroneous to consider the aforementioned figures without further analysis; the oppressed Cushitic and Nilo-Saharan nations follow different religions, either traditional African religions or Islam and Christianity (the latter preached mainly through Western, Catholic and Protestant missionaries). The Abyssinian Amharas and Tigrays are either Monophysitic (heretic Christians) or Muslims. Muslims make ca. 40% of the Abyssinians. Viewed by the Monophysitic Abyssinian elite and people as historical enemies and as renegades, they have been terribly oppressed, perhaps more than the Cushitic nations.
We can thus draw the conclusion that the Monophysitic Abyssinians represent approximately 18% of the country´s total population, and rule invariably discriminating and tyrannizing the Abyssinian Muslims and all the subjugated Cushitic and Nilo-Saharan nations. If we compare this figure to those given for other cases of despotic regimes, notably Milosevic´s Yugoslavia and Saddam Hussein´s Iraq, we realize that nothing was more unrepresentative and more totalitarian, more discriminatory and more tyrannical than the colonial state of ´Ethiopia´.
´Ethiopian´ embassies – unrepresentative delegations to be denounced in the UN
It would therefore be essential for any country having bilateral contacts with Abyssinia (fallaciously re-baptized as ´Ethiopia´) to set the rules of democratic representation, and if they are not respected, to protest at the level of the UN.
It is noteworthy to study and perceive correctly what happens in the embassies of ´Ethiopia´. More than 90% of the diplomatic stuff of the ´Ethiopian´ embassies is made by Monophysitic Amhara and Tigray Abyssinians. This means that they are the representatives of only an extreme minority (ca. 18% of the population); not only the so-called ´Ethiopian´ ´diplomats´ do not represent all the other subjugated and tyrannized nations and religious groups (82%) of their country, but they also advance - through their position and the means they are made available to them - all schemes against their country´s majority, and all plans of oppression and discrimination practiced ´at home´.
In fact, ´Ethiopian´ diplomacy is a bias geared for further genocide and massive extermination of various African nations.
Note: http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/57930
Certainly, several dictatorial regimes have been represented by unrepresentative diplomats in the UN and the other international bodies, and at the level of bilateral relations. However, these tyrannies reflected the imposition of political choices that were not approved of by the majority of the people (as for instance in Franco´s Spain).
The case of ´Ethiopia´ is far more dangerous as the misrepresentation is an instrument of elimination of nations. This is attempted partly physically (through premeditated starvation, extrajudicial killings, appalling conditions of imprisonment, criminal indifference as regard diseases and contaminations, etc.) and partly spiritually – culturally (through forced assimilation and cultural genocide).
Fake Ethiopia is not a Christian country.
Part of the treacherous plan and mendacious attitude of the ´Ethiopian´ ´diplomats´ has been to highly portray themselves as Christians, particularly when among Western Christian nations. They try to extract any possible political benefit by highlighting their supposedly Christian historical identity. They even attempt to claim a historical continuity since the days of the Axumite kingdom of Abyssinia, something that cannot be historically proved.
Certainly the Abyssinians of the Axum kingdom adhered to Monophysitic Christianity, but we have a clear understanding that neither Axum Monophysitism nor Agaw Christianity (a later epoch marked by Cushitic Agaw political preponderance over the Semitic Abyssinians over part of the Axumite Kingdom´s territory, as the coastal zone belonged to the Islamic Caliphate down to the 2nd half of the 19th century) would tolerate non Christian practices and cults of the modern Abyssinians.
Furthermore, we know for sure that Axumite and Agaw Christianity would not accept the falsification of Christian and Biblical History as promoted later within the context of post-Agaw Abyssinian mythologies, involving royal descent from the Queen of Sheba (the Coranic Balqis) and the King Solomon (Hz. Sulayman), through their mythical son (Menelik).
The so-called Solomonic dynasty of Ethiopia is a provocative falsification and it amounts to complete historical distortion of facts, ideas, beliefs, and concepts. The supposed epic text Kebra Negast that is referred to as philological evidence represents a fabrication geared to promote Abyssinian schemes against Islam, the Caliphate, and the historical Egyptian Coptic control of the Abyssinian Church.
Note: http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/40279
Murders of Christian priests and monks by the Abyssinian Pseudo-Christians
Even worse, Abyssinia proved to be one of the most Anti-Christian countries in the world. The treatment of Christian Catholic priests, monks and scholars traveling in Abyssinia was far worse than the attitude expressed toward foreign Christians in any part of the Caliphate or the Muslim World in Europe, Asia and Africa.
The following excerpt from the Catholic Encyclopedia New Advent highlights the sort of ´Christianity´ the Monophysitic Amhara and Tigray Abyssinian pseudo-diplomats represent, giving at the same time a summary of Anti-Christian persecution that took place in the supposed ´friend of the Western Christians´.
This is what the unrepresentative pseudo-diplomats of Abyssinia try to keep hidden from anyone:
"The Sovereign Pontiffs, nevertheless, have bestowed a constant solicitude on the Christians of Ethiopia. The first missionaries sent to their aid were the Dominicans, whose success, however, roused the fanaticism of the Monophysites against them, and caused their martyrdom. For more than a hundred years silence enfolded the ruins of this Church. At a later period, the fame of the Crusades having spread, pilgrim monks, on their return from Jerusalem, wakened once more, by what they told in the Ethiopian court, the wish to be reunited to the Church.
The Acts of the Council of Florence tell of the embassy sent by the Emperor Zéra-Jacob with the object of obtaining this result (1452). The union was brought about; but on their home journey, the messengers, while passing through Egypt, were given up to the schismatic Copts, and to the Caliph, and put to death before they could bring the good news to their native land.
More than a hundred years later, in 1557, the Jesuit Father Oviedo penetrated into Ethiopia. One of his successors, Father Paëz, succeeded in converting the Emperor Socinios himself. On 11 December, 1624, the Church of Abyssinia, abjuring the heresy of Eutyches and the schism of Dioscorus, was reunited to the true Church, a union which, unfortunately, proved to be only temporary.
In 1632, the Negus Basilides mounted the throne. Addicted as he was to polygamy and to every vice, he showed himself the relentless enemy of Catholicism, and of its moral law. The Jesuits were handed over to the axe of the executioner, and Abyssinia remained closed to the missionaries until 1702. In that year, three Franciscans got as far as Gondar, the capital, where they converted several princes. The Negus wrote with his own hand to Clement XI, professing his submission to His Holiness. Once more the hope proved futile.
A palace revolution overthrew the Negus, and heresy again assumed the reigns of power. From then until the middle of the nineteenth century, a silence as of death lay on the Church of Abyssinia. In 1846, the Holy See divided Ethiopia into two Apostolic vicariates: that of Abyssinia, trusted to the Lazarists, and that of Galla, given to the Capuchins. In the former, the labors and successes of M. de Jacobus awakened the jealousy of the schismatic clergy.
An ex-Emir of Cairo, who had become Abouna of Ethiopia, and a man of low birth named Kassa, who had been anointed Negus under the name of Theodoros, joined forces to persecute the Catholics, drive out the missionaries, and put them to death. The Negus Johannes IV, who succeeded Theodoros, followed in his predecessor's footsteps. His reign of twenty years was a time of trouble and suffering for the Catholics of Abyssinia".
From: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01075e.htm
The most extended and the most inhuman Genocide in the World History
Your Highness,
With a brief enumeration of barbaric, inhuman and genocidal policies ceaselessly practiced by any ´Addis Ababa´ regime (monarchical, pro-communist or pseudo-republican), I will close my reference to the unfortunate realm and ominous tyranny that was repeatedly described as 21st century Hell, Cenotaph or Morgue ´Ethiopia´.
As basic bibliographical references, I would mention the excellent contribution by Prof. Mekuria Bulcha, ´The Making of the Oromo Diaspora - A Historical Sociology of Forced Migration´ whereby the author identifies the roots of the Diaspora in slave trade and repressive regimes, while extensively giving details about the physical elimination of millions of Oromos in the 19th and the 20th centuries (click here
I would also add the collective volume ´Arrested Development in Ethiopia - Essays on Underdevelopment, Democracy and Self-Determination´, edited by Seyoum Hameso and Mohammed Hassen, which provides the reader with a wider focus on Ogadenis, Oromos, Sidamas, Afars, and other subjugated nations (click here
Note: http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/28927
So systematic the multi-genocide perpetrated by the Monophysitic Amhara and Tigray Abyssinians was that it involved the following measures for the survivors, all those who escaped physical annihilation:
1 - Prohibition of use of their language
2 - Prohibition of use of their writing system (if extant, otherwise prohibition of introduction of a writing system)
3 - Prohibition of practice of religious rituals, rites, ceremonies, and acts of faith
4 - Prohibition of practice of all traditional customs and procedures of social order
5 - Prohibition of selection of representatives empowered to represent the tyrannized nations at all levels, local, regional, national, and of course international
6 - Prohibition of the study of their past, history, language, culture and society
7 - Prohibition of attendance of the Primary and Secondary education, and Universities, except for few cases of culturally alienated renegades
8 - Imposition of an alien language (Amharic) and writing system (that derived from the Axumite Abyssinian Ge´ez writing system) as compulsory means of communication through all levels of education
9 - Imposition of an alien language and writing system (as above) as official language throughout the annexed territories of the tyrannized nations
10 - Selection and imposition of few renegades among the subjugated and oppressed nations so that they, functioning as fake representatives, facilitate the imposition of the state tyranny.
11 - Promotion of High Treason among the subjugated Nations as only chance for materially respectable survival
12 - Expropriation of lands, forests and pasturages
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/36150
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/36287
13 - Prohibition of any major economic activity for the entire population of all the subjugated nations
14 - Imposition of a bogus-historical dogma of purely Racist Nature
15 - Usurpation of the Name of Ethiopia – strictly used throughout ages for Cushitic populations inhabiting the area of Ancient Sudan (analytically described earlier)
Note: http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/17647
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/24464
16 - Imposition of a systematic policy of Abyssinianization at the level of language, writing system, religion, culture, social-behavioural system, and political life (the recent festivities – September 2007 – of the false ´Ethiopian Millennium´ being a mere example, for the Ethiopian Millennium reflects cultural values of only 18% of the country´s entire population)
Note: http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/36993
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/37129
17 - Systematic deprecation of all the subjugated peoples, and their cultures, languages, historical past, religions and social-behavioural systems, involving differentiation within purely Racist Context.
Note: http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/22352
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/22866
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/24189
These are the incorrigible Amhara and Tigray Abyssinians who manned the successive tyrannical regimes (monarchical, communist and pseudo-republican) down to our days; through combinations of the aforementioned practices, they even attempt now to present themselves under the Neo-Nazi formation of their racist Kinijit party as the only alternative to the ruthless tyrant Zenawi.
Note: http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/35459
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/35494
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/35648
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/35828
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/35897
´Ethiopia´ means Historical Revenge spreading Death throughout Africa
Going out of the borders of the aforementioned Cenotaph ´Ethiopia´, one attests Monophysitic Abyssinian racism in Somalia where Zenawi´s thugs, fallaciously impersonating a national army (whereas they are Monophysitic Abyssinians invading foreign lands and the exploitation benefit will go to only 18% of the total population of ´Ethiopia´), butcher Somalis in mosques, fuel fratricidal strife, and support secessionist pseudo-governments (like those of the illegal ´states´ Somaliland and Puntland).
Note: http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/38286
http://www.americanchronicle.com/articles/38386