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In 1966, New York subway passengers were subjected to secret germ warfare experiments.
In 1969, nerve gas agents killed thousands of sheep in Utah.
In November 1969, Nixon's National Security Memorandum ended production and offensive use of lethal and other type biological and chemical weapons. It confined "bacteriological/biological programs....to research for defensive purposes," with other built-in loopholes.
A February 1970 Memorandum ordered existing stockpiles destroyed. It restricted "toxins....research and development (to) defensive purposes only." It declared only small quantities would be maintained to develop vaccines, drugs and diagnostics. It became another exploitable loophole.
In 1969, the General Assembly banned herbicide plant killers and tear gases in warfare. Nonetheless, open-air testing intermittently continued unabated. The Pentagon, in fact, "field test(s CBW) systems."
For decades since the 1960s, Washington used biological agents against Cuba. It's unclear whether they still continue.
In 1970, US Southeast Asian forces conducted Operation Tailwind. Lethal sarin nerve gas was used in Laos. In 1998, Admiral Thomas Moorer, former Joint Chiefs Chairman, confirmed it on CNN. Under Pentagon pressure, CNN retracted the report and fired award-winning journalist Peter Arnett and co-producers April Oliver and Jack Smith for not disavowing it.
During the Vietnam War, US forces used Agent Orange through at least 1971.
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