"Attacking a place of worship at any time is reprehensible, but attacking a mosque during Ramadan is utterly indefensible," Sturgeon said.
"It is also a violation of international law. Israel should heed calls to halt the violence immediately," the first minister added, using the hashtag #SheikhJarrah that has been trending on Twitter in the past week.
The four members of the Middle East Quartet - the US, Russia, the European Union and the UN - on Saturday expressed "deep concern" over violence in Jerusalem.
The UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres expressed his deep concern over the situation in occupied East Jerusalem, as well as the possible forced expulsion of Palestinian families from their homes in Sheikh Jarrah.
In a statement issued by his spokesman Stephane Dujarric, the UN chief urged Israel to "cease demolitions and evictions, in line with its obligations under international humanitarian and international human rights law".
"Israeli authorities must exercise maximum restraint and respect the right to freedom of peaceful assembly. All leaders have a responsibility to act against extremists and to speak out against all acts of violence and incitement," he said.
Like all people in the world, Palestinians should live in safety
Indonesian president Joko Widodo said the forced evictions of Palestinians from Sheikh Jarrah and the use of force in the Al-Aqsa Mosque could "not be ignored".
Writing on Twitter, Widodo said: "Indonesia condemns such acts and urges the UN Security Council to take measures on the repeated violations carried out by Israel. Indonesia will continue to stand with the people of Palestine."
Bakir Izetbegovic, the president of Bosnia's Party of Democratic Action, stressed that all forms of discrimination and violence based on religious, ethnic and ideological differences must be called out. "Like all people in the world, Palestinians should live in safety," he said in a statement.
"The bloodshed in the holy
month of Ramadan, the removal of Palestinians from their homes is an attack on
civilizational values," he added.
The Independent Permanent Human Rights Commission, which is part of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), said in a statement released Sunday that Israel's recent illegal measures amount to "war crimes" under international humanitarian law, and those committing the "ruthless violations" in East Jerusalem must be prosecuted.
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