Duluth, MN (OpEdNews) December 17, 2010: In my article "Reflections on Ian Morris' Book About the West and China" that was published at OpEdNews on December 13, 2010, I singled out President Obama's view of American exceptionalism for praise. I praised his view of American exceptionalism for his explicit wording "though imperfect" regarding our laws and our beliefs in free speech and equality. I suggested that the words "though imperfect" saved his view from the kind of triumphalism that Pericles expresses regarding Athenian laws and practices in his famous "Funeral Oration" (as reconstructed by Thucycides in his HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR).
As I indicated in my article, I had borrowed the quote of President Obama's view of American exceptionalism from John Dickerson's article "How He Ticks: Five of the Most Revealing Moments of the Obama Presidency" that was published online at SLATE MAGAZINE on December 10, 2010. President Obama had made his 300-word statement about American exceptionalism extemporaneously in a news conference in Strasbourg, France on April 4, 2009. Dickerson reports that the president's conservative critics criticized the first sentence of his extemporaneous remarks. However, as Dickerson notes, the substance of Obama's 300-word extemporaneous statement has not become widely known.
On December 13, 2010, Jonathan Zimmerman of New York University published an op-ed piece in the LOS ANGELES TIMES titled "Exceptionalism and the Left." He frames his essay by pointing out that "Sarah Palin, Mitt Romney, Newt Gingrich, Mike Huckabee and other GOP presidential hopefuls have all declared Obama insufficiently attuned to American exceptionalism." Zimmerman accepts their criticism at face value and then proceeds to suggest different points that President Obama might use in making a statement about American exceptionalism. However, it appears to me that the conservatives' criticism of Obama that Zimmerman refers to is exactly the conservative criticism that Dickerson refers to. But Dickerson understands the conservatives' criticism to be based only on the first sentence in Obama's extemporaneous remarks, not on his full 300-word statement. By contrast, Zimmerman does not appear to be aware of Obama's 300-word statement about American exceptionalism. I myself was not aware of Obama's statement until I read Dickerson's article.
In light of the fact that so many GOP presidential hopefuls are making an issue out of this, I think that Obama's full 300-word statement deserves more media attention and discussion. Apart from the seemingly weak opening sentence, it contains much to be admired in my estimate, so I propose to quote it in its entirety below and then discuss certain points that Obama makes in it. However, I first want to discuss American exceptionalism during the Cold War, with special attention to anti-communist hysteria in the United States and in American foreign policy.
BACKGROUND CONSIDERATIONS
In the 1950s, William F. Buckley, Jr. (1925-2008), a key figure in the emergence of movement conservatism during the Cold War, helped popularize the slogan coined by the German-born American political scientist and philosopher Eric Voegelin (1901-1985): "Don't immanentize the eschaton." The term "eschaton" refers to the end-time envisioned in ancient Jewish and Christian apocalyptic literature. In the apocalyptic tradition of thought, the end-time was envisioned as occurring when through divine intervention God would bring about justice of this earth. In short, God would intervene to bring about justice of this earth. But God is understood to be transcendent.
The term "immanent" is used as the contrast with the term "transcendent." So if mere mortal human beings envisioned bringing about justice on this earth without divine intervention, such a vision would involve immanentizing the end-time by making it sound as though mere human effort without divine intervention could produce justice on this earth.
Voegelin thought that communist ideology envisioned justice as occurring on earth without divine intervention. In this way, communist ideology immanentized the eschaton. With Buckley as a key leader in the emerging movement conservatism, anti-communism became the central tenet of movement conservatism, which is still with us to this day despite the collapse of the former Soviet Union in 1989. Moreover, all of the GOP presidential hopefuls mentioned by Zimmerman want to enlist the support of movement conservatism in their efforts to become the GOP candidate for president in 2012.
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