-- FDI strips states of their ability to control "investment decisions, pricing, production and future growth;"
-- FDI results in long-term capital outflows repatriated to corporate coffers;
-- FDI results in "unbalanced and overly specialized production," especially in commodity areas;
-- Tax, subsidy and other concessions to FDI deprive developing states of needed revenues;
-- FDI most often only puts existing enterprises under new management; it seldom creates new ones;
-- FDI creates "enterprise enclaves," imports technology linked to "outside production and distribution networks," and doesn't help local economies;
-- FDI often controls local banking that lets it "shape state credit and interest policy" and decide what industry sectors to favor and at what cost; and
-- With investors attracted to extractive industries and freed from regulatory constraints, environmental devastation results.
In sum - FDI endangers "national independence, popular sovereignty, and severely compromis(es)" developing states' ability to control their destiny and represent all their people. It's a "risky, costly and limiting (one-way) strategy." Developing nations need to minimize it because of its harmful economic, social and political costs.
Chapter 8 - Anti-Imperialist Regime Dynamics
Contrary to Margaret Thatcher's TINA dictum (there is no alternative), many others are better and the authors list them:
-- Reinvestment of profits into local production to stimulate a "multiplier" effect and increase local consumption;
-- Control foreign trade to retain foreign exchange earnings;
-- Invest pension funds in productive activities;
-- Create development banks for overseas workers' remittances home so funds can be used productively;
-- Place a moratorium on debt payments to stop servicing the odious portion of it:
I am a 72 year old, retired, progressive small businessman concerned about all the major national and world issues, committed to speak out and write about them.