"Analyses in this study provide evidence to suggest that high school graduation exams increase dropout rates". Using the best external measures available, evidence exists that high-stakes tests do create the negative, unintended consequences about which critics worry and that make high-stakes high school graduation exams objectionable."
Amrein , Audrey L. & Berliner, David C. (2002) "An analysis of some
unintended consequences of High Stakes Testing",
The Great Lakes Center for Education and Research, http://greatlakescenter.org/docs/early_research/pdf/H-S%20Analysis%20final.pdf
[6]
" A separate literature was also growing on the effects of high - stakes testing in developing ... places available in the upper levels of education makes the stakes much higher ... conditions, the limited time available for English lessons, teacher shortages, problems in communication ..."
Wall, Diana (2000) " The impact of high-stakes testing on teaching and learning: can this be predicted or controlled?" , System, (28: 4 ) Dec., 499--509. [7]
" Thus, "students are prepared for the high stakes testing in ways that boost scores on that specific test sub-stantially more than actual achievement in the domains that the tests are intended to measure' (Koretz et al., 1991, p. 85). "
Smith, Mary Lee & Fey, Patricia, (2000) Validity and accountability of high
stakes testing", Journal of Teacher Education, (51:5), 334-344.
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