The near impossible to hit spitball, and the use of the same baseball, which by the second inning was brown and green stained by second inning by the fact that the same ball was used throughout the game and often never replaced, all made for lower scores.
Some teams tailored their fields to meet the nature of their teams. Faster players mean that owners mowed and grew thicker higher grass. Teams with slugger, made the fences closer and not as tall. If their key hitters were left handed the right field fences were closer, with lower walls, if right handed, visa-versa, as a result their homerun totals went up. If their best hitters were single and doubles hitters, the fences were higher and farther away, and the grass in the infield was higher and thicker and the base lines were banked for bunts, and the base paths harder for their faster runners to run better, steal more bases, like Cobb and Sam Crawford, stealing bases and hitting doubles and triples and high batting averages, and then the whole team hit more doubles and triples and stole more bases. The owners manipulated circumstances, stadia, fields and implements to their advantage and setting of new records.
The dead-ball era ended of a sudden in 1920 and 1921, when Babe Ruth hit more home runs in each of those two seasons than each of 14 of the 16 teams in both leagues in both seasons. By 1921, teams were scoring more than 40% more runs and hitting more than four times as many home runs as they did in 1901-1918, per season. More than once after that, in 1930, 1951, 1961, 1994 and 1998, the liveliness of the balls increased, always by covert actions of the league and so did home run production. The dropping of the pitcher's mound from 18" to 10" in 1968 gave rise to higher scores and ERA's. However, throughout all of these management manipulations there were few complaints by fans, they liked the higher scores.
In 1991 and 1994, to avert strikes baseball increased ball liveliness as I predicted before 1991, and manipulated changes in baseball and few people complained.
When the idea of "Ties go to the home team," were expanded to "If at all possible, home team wins," and home away records move from 52%-55%% of home games won and 48%-45% of away games won by 60% of the teams to 60%-65% of home games won and 40% of away games by 70% of the teams to keep the crowds coming, we who are blessed with the vision have seen clearly what the others have missed. Those with eyes that see and ears that hear see and hear and the others are blind. When evil has entered the realm of child-like joy, turned the purity of a sport men love into money and deceit, death by force follows, and all hell comes on its heels.
Throughout all of it, everyone simply moved up a notch in statistics, but the same players who starred earlier merely did better and starred with even better statistics. As new young players came into the league, they also starred or failed to depend on their abilities and proclivities. The same thing happened in 1961, 1994, 1998-2007. If, indeed, as Canseco indicated, 85% of baseball players were on anabolic steroids, didn't they all have the same chance as the other's had before them when MLB manipulated changes that were in essence cheating? Why did not they all, have incredible years? Did they not have an equal chance to hit 60-70, and more home runs in a season? Sammy, Barry and Mark simply were better before the drugs and remained so despite the drugs, if they took them. Actually if they did take anabolic steroids to bulk up, and become muscle bound they hindered their chances of hitting better unless pitchers were thow 40 MPH instead of 90-100 + mph. It has been estimated that the apparent Mutant, Babe Ruth, whose reflexes and vision were tested and reported to be Superhuman. The chance of another human having his skills in both pitching and hitting, like Michelagnello, may never be seen again.
In essence, when the conspiratorial nature of the corporate "sports" owners caused new records to be established with changes to the ball, the grass, the dumbest people in society, which percentage is growing rapidly, didn't get it, hear it, or see it, and so they embraced their hatred.
In his book, Steroids and Home Runs, Professor Emeritus Arthur De Vany expounds brilliantly on the probability of home run hitting and steroids Department of Economics, Institute for Mathematical Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Irvine www.arthurdevany.com asdevany@uci.edu And I quote: "ABSTRACT There has been no change in MLB home run hitting for 45 years, in spite of the new records. Players hit with no more power now than before. Records are the result of chance variations in at bats, home runs per hit, and other factors. The clustering records are implied by the intermittency of the law of home runs. Home runs follow a stable Paretian distribution with infinite variance. The shape and scale of the distribution have not changed over the years. The stable Paretian law of home runs generalizes the laws of extreme human performance developed by Pareto, Lotka, Price, and Murray. The greatest home run hitters are as rare as great scientists, artists, or composers. Home Runs The pace of new records in recent years is due to the extraordinary accomplishments of three prodigious hitters. We have lucky enough to see three Babe Ruth's in this generation. Hitters such as these may never appear again. You cannot take an ordinary player and turn them into home run hitters of the accomplishment of Bonds, McGwire, and Sosa by dosing them with steroids. It may even be harmful. Home run hitting of that magnitude is as incomparably rare as the greatest works of science or art. That is the missing element in discussions of home run hitting; the extraordinary players that hit them in record numbers are as rare as great scientists and artists. There is no explanation for genius of that rank. There is no basis to form expectations of when a player of that caliber might appear. Critics who have nothing but speculation and poor science to go on diminish their accomplishments. However, arguments over records are as old and as shallow now as they were back in 1961 when Roger Maris' record was marked with an asterisk because he played more games than Babe Ruth. Well, so did The Babe play more games than Ned Williamson and so have Bonds, Sosa, and McGwire played under a longer schedule than Maris. It is time to move beyond this dispute. The integrity of the game is not at stake every time a record falls. That is part of the game. MLB has a strong interest in maintaining its fans and its history. Moreover, the players have their own rights to their bodies and to their chance at history. Let the players and MLB work out their own solution to the performance drug issues. It is in their clear interest to do so and their interests align more closely to the fans than those of Congress. More importantly, there is no evidence to support a drastic law mandating testing.
It took more than 80 years and more than 100,000 player-years of baseball for 5 home run hitters of the caliber of Ruth, Maris, McGwire, Sosa, and Bonds to appear. We have been lucky enough to witness three of them in the past few years. To diminish their accomplishments based on speculations and rumors about steroids, as members of Congress and the media have done, have the facts and the science wrong and is profoundly ignorant of the statistical laws of human accomplishment. McGwire, Sosa, and Bonds are home run geniuses, not ordinary hitters on steroids; they are the Bach, Mozart, and Beethoven of home runs.
Will another player of the prowess of Babe Ruth, Roger Maris, Mark McGwire, Sammy Sosa or Barry Bonds ever appear again? Even greater performances are possible because the law of home runs has a long Paretian upper tail with positive and non-vanishing probability mass. However, the chances are small. The law of home runs says that the probability that Babe Ruth's record of 60 home runs would be broken is 0.0109. Given more than 100,000 tries in nearly 80 years, it was almost sure to fall. Barry Bonds' record of 73 will be harder to break. According to the law of home runs, the probability that his record will be broken is 0.007206."
For the bigots, the racists, it is the steroids-well those who think so are the dumbest asses on the planet, and the most deaf.
In short, it ain't the drugs, it's the system, as things change the same players merely move up a few notches, as they have for the last 131 years.
"How does all of this play into G W Bush? Racism, slander, misrepresentation, manipulation of circumstances and battle fields and every segment of society to their advantage-outlaws making "law" that covered them and no one else. We live I a time when ball games are fixed not by gamblers but by "officials" hired by the owners to shave and squeeze, so home teams can win and keep the suckers coming in. They manipulate outcomes right before the eyes of blind watchers of games, and they manipulate the outcomes of nations and people right before the eyes of men and nations and only a handful see, and hear, the end is near for justice, honor and light and the best of us will be taken before hell covers the earth. Ten years ago, I said the Anti-Christ is only a few years from the White House and his followers have now outnumbered the elite, the enlightened. Those who can neither hear nor see, run rampant and amok, among the sighted end the enlightened and life is about to take the land of milk and honey into a land of acid rain, hell fire and evil, unknown here in 4.5 billion years. The Fundamentalists were right and wrong. The end times are here, all right, but not for the people or the reasons they believe.
"Even the party of the sainted Prophet FDR, who was indeed a human with common faults, just as was Rabbi Yeshua (Jesus), but none the less, a prophet who tried to overcome the Hun-Nazi-Fascist. He seemed to have succeeded, but only temporarily, but his party was overwhelmed with the evil and they to are headed, by the culture of death and lust for riches and the high life. All is now lost and all we without power can do is pray for the Seven Angels of Death and Righteousness, to come clean out the Huns and the DU-238, and cleanse the planet over the next 4.5 Billion years of the half life of the evil from hell brought by the dark angels of hell to the surface of the planet to destroy all that God created." Good Night and God Bless
Professor Bagnolo is a Renaissance man: Cultural Anthropologist, Architectural designer, painter, writer, novelist, theologian. As a child prodigy, abed with polio for almost two years, with an off the charts IQ, reading at the graduate level by 5th grade, offered an opportunity to skip three grades at age 8. Later He was a recipient of an Art Institute scholarship at age 11, a Ford Foundation Fellowship in Anthropology and in Painting and a merit scholarship in art, and was appointed a Graduate Research Assistant position in college. He holds a triple bachelor's degree in Painting and Drawing, Anthropology, Architectural Design Advertising. MA's in Cultural Anthro, Painting and more. After being tenured he taught; architecture, anthropology, Theology, advertising, painting and drawing, entrepreneuring and Creative Profit Making. He produced a star-studded Music festival, had a radio talk show in Chicago, and cable TV show. Now, retired from Teaching, he paints, writes, and pursues other ventures.
The above bio harvested from the comments of Deans, colleagues, students, clients and collector's.
It does seem that in every era in which "conservatives" have flooded into power, racism and violence has increased. It appears to me that your thesis from your blog that "conservatism" in its extreme form which we are seeing now, is a step beyond fascism, it is Nazism and it threatens democracy on the planet. Your paralleism in tracing of the symbiotic relationship with America's Pastime collectibles market showing occute signs of racism, as shown in your examples and your colleagues paper on the chance encounters of the home run and the irrelevance of and even counterproductiveness of steroid use, to home run hitting with which my brother a physician also agrees with you upon seems lost on everyone but us. Steroid use among the Big Four, if there even is any, was a waste and ineffective, Your paper here is a coup of subtle brilliance, which baseball's adolescent dunces have completely overlooked or missed. Probably in all of baseball in all of its cumulative brain power and enlightnenment does not equal yours or they would have spoken about this long ago. Wow! A hunk with a mind, whatever will God think of next!
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Agatha Payne (0 articles, 0 quicklinks, 2 diaries, 46 comments)
on Friday, September 28, 2007 at 9:49:03 PM
Aggie, In my forthcoming novel; THE UNIVERSAL TRAVELERS AND WHY THEY WOULDN'T STAY HOME AND WASH THEIR DISHES, Conservatism in it's extreme forms, Fascism and Naziism, are the result of a virus that shrinks the brain, and a certain appendage, and disables the conscience and empathy, resulting in rage and impotence, which is likely true. The treatment for it is quarantining in mental institutions for life. For the more aggressive ones they drop them on a deserted island with half the amount of food needed for their numbers and twice the arms and ammunition.
Thanks for reading and writing, mom. (Just kidding
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Professor Emeritus Peter Bagnolo (144 articles, 1 quicklinks, 95 diaries, 1270 comments)
on Friday, September 28, 2007 at 10:08:09 PM
I know this has already been looked into to some degree, but we need a more comprehensive model for the conservative/fasict/Nazi mindset. Genetics, for example, and neurology. And if you want to REALLY get out there, philosophical ontology, since one could argue that hard core fascists are a different ontological spicies.
Of course this would supplement sociology and psychology, but sociology and psychology just AIN'T ENOUGH (it's fun to write "ain't"). It's like trying to account for Mercury's precession with Newtonian mechanics. YOU JUST CAN'T DO IT. We needed to stretch to an Einsten relativity perspecive.
These "beings" are FUNDAMENTALLY different from rational, caring humans. I would argue that they are literally a different species, but species here must mean more than biology.
Jesus, "Ye shall judge them by thier fruits," is another way to say this. Fruits SO different must come from a similarly different tree. Figs don't grow on thistles is saying the same thing backwards.
Hey, are the aliens already here?
Bill
ps. I'm considering writing the an extensive piece on all this stuff. You gotta admit, if there's a particle of truth to it (and I'm TOTALLY convinced there is) it certainly puts the human condtion into a more n-dimensional perspecive --and the more dimensions the better so far as I'm concerned, since the consensus reality mindset which is the conditioned "thinking about point of view" of our species is pretty candyass.
Gee, it doesn't even realize that when a tree falls in the forest and there isn't any nearby auditory nervous sysem, there ISN"T any sound (in other words, sound = hearing, just as you don't view the view since viewing IS the view). By I digress . . .
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W. Christopher Epler (Bill) (210 articles, 44 quicklinks, 0 diaries, 461 comments)
on Sunday, September 30, 2007 at 4:46:42 PM
That very thought is a part of the essense of my novel:
THE UNIVERSAL TRAVLERS AND WHY THEY WOULDN'T STAY HOME AND WASH THEIR DISHES!
Coming in 2008. The disease is called the Incubus Virus and it attacks the mind and destroys the conscience, but only is successful with a willing host, Watch for it.
Pete
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Professor Emeritus Peter Bagnolo (144 articles, 1 quicklinks, 95 diaries, 1270 comments)
on Sunday, September 30, 2007 at 5:31:28 PM