Click here to see Figure 2 from Rosenberg's article with examples of tumor regressions in patients receiving adoptive cell transfer of autologous anti-tumor lymphocytes.
What's in the Future?
Since Adoptive cell transfer is not a drug, and competes withconventional drug treatment (chemotherapy), the pharmaceutical industrymight be hostile to the idea.
T Cell Immune therapy ishighly personalized treatment, labour-intensive and requires laboratory expertise. Each lymphocyte preparation is uniquely created for each patient and this makes it difficult to commercialize. Where to get the anti-tumor T cells? Blood banks have been providing stem cells for clinical studies, and might also serve as a source foranti-tumour T cells.
Links and References
(1) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC164507/
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 May 27; 100(11): 6682à ‚¬"6687.
Spontaneous regression of advanced cancer: Identification of a unique genetically determined, age-dependent trait in mice. Zheng Cui, Mark C. Willingham, Amy M. Hicks, Martha A. Alexander-Miller et al.
We have established and studied a colony of mice with a unique trait of host resistance to both ascites and solid cancers induced by transplantable cells. One dramatic manifestation of this trait is age-dependent spontaneous regression of advanced cancers. This powerful resistance segregates as a single-locus dominant trait, is independent of tumor burden, and is effective against cell lines from multiple types of cancer. During spontaneous regression or immediately after exposure, cancer cells provoke a massive infiltration of host leukocytes, which form aggregates and rosettes with tumor cells. The cytolytic destruction of cancer cells by innate leukocytes is rapid and specific without apparent damage to normal cells. The mice are healthy and cancer-free and have a normal life span. These observations suggest a previously unrecognized mechanism of immune surveillance, which may have potential for therapy or prevention of cancer.
Cancer Immunity, Vol. 6, p. 11 (31 October 2006) Submitted: 28 March 2006. Resubmitted: 17 July 2006. Accepted: 28 September 2006. Effector mechanisms of the anti-cancer immune responses of macrophages in SR/CR mice. Amy M. Hicks et al.
(3) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1458507/?tool=pubmed
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 May 16; 103(20): 7753à ‚¬"7758. Immunology Transferable anticancer innate immunity in spontaneous regression/complete resistance mice. Amy M. Hicks et al.
(4) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2749872/?tool=pubmed
BMC Cancer. 2009; 9: 328. Impact of sex, MHC, and age of recipients on the therapeutic effect of transferred leukocytes from cancer-resistant SR/CR mice. John R Stehle
Spontaneous regression of cancer in Humans
(5)http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9891219
In Vivo. 1998 Nov-Dec;12(6):571-8.
Spontaneous regression of cancer: possible mechanisms. Papac RJ.
Section of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
(6) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17724923
Przegl Lek. 2007;64(4-5):380-2.
[Spontaneous regression of cancer--review of cases from 1988 to 2006] Chodorowski Z, Anand JS, WiÃ..."ºniewski M, MadaliÃ..."žski M, Wierzba K, WiÃ..."ºniewski J.
Katedra i Klinika Chorà ³b Wewnetrznych, Geriatrii i Toksykologii Klinicznej, Akademii Medycznej w GdaÃ..."žsku.
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