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Transportation: Mass transit in metropolitan areas, especially environmentally-friendly transportations such as electric railroads, should be further developed. The bicycle transportation in large cities should be favored. Reduce the volume of transportation by supporting the progress in communication technologies, such as Internet, video conferencing, voice over IP. Projects that develop novel electric and hydrogen engines should be financially supported.
Industry: Large-capacity production plants and the power plants supplying them with energy, as a rule, generate a lot of by-product wastes, which is detrimental to the environment. The next generation of industrial plants should be based on eco-industrial parks with no wastes and efficient energy utilization. Unfortunately, in this field we are much behind the leading Asian countries. Integration of biological processes into chemical engineering should drive the development of ecofriendly and energy-conservative industry of the future. Biotechnology should be one of the high-priority directions of the future industry.
New infrastructure: Develop "wastelands" such as hot deserts in Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, and other U.S. states for the production of food, water, energy, and the reduction of carbon emissions into the atmosphere. On the one hand, every year each square kilometer of hot deserts receives a solar energy equivalent to 1.5 million barrels of oil. On the other hand, solar energy is not only the source of energy, but is also the main driving force of photosynthesis. Using interdisciplinary approaches, specifically life support science in space technology, hot deserts may be revitalized and used for building eco-industrial parks.
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